《英国麻醉学杂志》2023年2月刊，第130卷第2期

本文由“麻醉新超人"授权转载

翻译：徐祗彪 徐医2022级麻醉学研究生

审校：赵林林 徐医附院麻醉科

《英国麻醉学杂志》2023年2月刊，第130卷第2期

Editorials

社论

Centre for Perioperative Care anaemia guideline: implications for anaesthesia

围手术期治疗中心贫血指南：对麻醉的可能影响

Assessment of haemostatic function in paediatric surgical patients: ‘if you prick us, do we not bleed?’

儿外科患者的止血功能评估：“你们要是刺我们一下，我们不会流血吗？”

Cardiovascular

心血管

Physiological relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and fitness for surgery: a narrative review

心肺健康和手术健康之间的生理关系：叙述性综述

Summary

Epidemiological evidence has highlighted a strong relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and surgical outcomes; specifically, fitter patients possess heightened resilience to withstand the surgical stress response. This narrative review draws on exercise and surgical physiology research to discuss and hypothesise the potential mechanisms by which higher fitness affords perioperative benefit. A higher fitness, as indicated by higher peak rate of oxygen consumption and ability to sustain metabolic homeostasis (i.e. higher anaerobic threshold) is beneficial postoperatively when metabolic demands are increased. However, the associated adaptations with higher fitness, and the related participation in regular exercise or physical activity, might also underpin the observed perioperative benefit through a process of hormesis, a protective adaptive response to the moderate and intermittent stress of exercise. Potential mediators discussed include greater antioxidant capacity, metabolic flexibility, glycaemic control, lean body mass, and improved mood.

总结

流行病学证据强调了心肺健康与手术结果之间的密切关系；特别是，更健康的患者具有更高的弹性来承受手术应激反应。这篇叙述性综述借鉴了运动和外科生理学研究，以讨论和假设更高的适应度为围手术期带来益处的潜在机制。当代谢需求增加时，较高的适应度，如较高的耗氧峰值速率和维持代谢稳态的能力（即较高的无氧阈值））对术后有益。然而，与更高健康度相关的适应性，以及与之相关的定期锻炼或体育活动的参与，也可能通过兴奋过程（一种对中度和间歇性运动压力的保护性适应性反应）支持观察到的围手术期益处。所讨论的潜在介质包括更高的抗氧化能力、代谢灵活性、血糖控制、减轻体重和改善情绪。

Clinical Practice

临床实践

Comparison of the effects of sugammadex versus neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular block on hospital costs of care

甘美与新斯的明逆转神经肌肉阻滞在住院费用上的比较

Dexmedetomidine provides type-specific tumour suppression without tumour-enhancing effects in syngeneic murine models

右美托咪定在同基因小鼠模型中提供了类型特异性的肿瘤抑制，而没有肿瘤增强作用

Neuroscience and Neuroanaesthesia

神经科学和神经麻醉学

Sex-specific hypnotic effects of the neuroactive steroid (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile are mediated by peripheral metabolism into an active hypnotic steroid

神经活性类固醇（3β，5β，17β）-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile的性别特异性催眠作用是由外周代谢介导成一种活性催眠类固醇的

Obstetric Anaesthesia

产科麻醉

Thromboelastometry-guided treatment algorithm in postpartum haemorrhage: a randomised, controlled pilot trial

血栓弹力图引导下的产后出血治疗算法：一项随机对照试点试验

Paediatric Anaesthesia

儿科麻醉

Factor XIII levels, clot strength, and impact of fibrinogen concentrate in infants undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass: a mechanistic sub-study of the FIBCON trial

凝血因子XIII水平、凝块强度和纤维蛋白原浓缩物的影响：FIBCON试验的一项机理子研究

Determination of reference ranges for the ClotPro® thromboelastometry device in paediatric patients

在儿科患者中，ClotPro®血栓弹力图测定装置的参考范围测定

Repeated early-life exposure to anaesthesia and surgery causes subsequent anxiety-like behaviour and gut microbiota dysbiosis in juvenile rats

生命早期反复接触麻醉和手术会导致幼年大鼠随后的焦虑样行为和肠道微生物群失调

Pain

疼痛

Effect of intrathecal NIS-lncRNA antisense oligonucleotides on neuropathic pain caused by nerve trauma, chemotherapy, or diabetes mellitus

鞘内NIS-lncRNA反义寡核苷酸对神经损伤、化疗或糖尿病引起的神经性疼痛的影响

Regional Anaesthesia

区域麻醉

Assistive artificial intelligence for ultrasound image interpretation in regional anaesthesia: an external validation study

区域麻醉中超声图像解释的人工智能辅助：外部验证研究

Evaluation of the impact of assistive artificial intelligence on ultrasound scanning for regional anaesthesia

人工智能辅助对局部麻醉超声扫描影响的评价

Effectiveness of oral versus intravenous tranexamic acid in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty: a randomised, non-inferiority trial

口服与静脉注射氨甲环酸在原发性全髋关节和膝关节置换术中的有效性：随机、非劣效性试验

Correspondence

通信

Correspondence in the British Journal of Anaesthesia from 2018–21: article types, authorship, and COVID-19

《英国麻醉杂志》2018-21年麻醉杂志的通信：文章类型、作者和COVID-19

Intralipid® improves left ventricular function in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxaemia by a Src-STAT3-mediated mechanism

脂质内®通过src-stat3介导的机制改善脂多糖诱导的内毒素血症大鼠的左心室功能

Use of videolaryngoscopy as the first option for all tracheal intubations: not so fast. Response to Br J Anaesth 2023; 130: e12–e13

使用视频喉镜作为所有气管插管的第一选择：并不是那么快。对Br J Anaesth 2023；130：e12-e13的评论

Postoperative anaemia and patient-centred outcomes after major abdominal surgery: pathophysiology versus statistics. Comment on Br J Anaesth 2022; 129: 346–54

术后贫血和腹部大手术后以患者为中心的结果：病理生理学与统计学。对Br J Anaesth 2022；129：346-54的评论

Development and validation of a multivariable prediction model for the early prediction of chronic postsurgical pain. Response to Br J Anaesth 2022; 129: e155

一种用于慢性术后疼痛早期预测的多变量预测模型的开发和验证。对Br J Anaesth 2022；129：e155的评论

A survey of mentoring patterns, practices, and attitudes of active medical school-affiliated anaesthesiologists in the USA

对美国医学院附属麻醉医师的指导模式、实践和态度的调查

Fluids, vasopressors, and acute kidney injury after major abdominal surgery. Comment on Br J Anaesth 2022; 129: 317–26

腹部大手术后的液体、血管升压药和急性肾损伤。评论Br J Anaesth 2022；129：317-26

Tranexamic acid for safer surgery: does the evidence support preventative use? Response to Br J Anaesth 2023; 130: e23–e24

氨甲环酸让手术更安全：是否有证据支持预防性使用？对Br J Anaesth 2023；130：e23-e24的评论

Postdural puncture headache and cerebral venous thrombosis in obstetric anaesthesia

产科麻醉中硬膜穿刺后头痛和脑静脉血栓形成

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本平台所刊载原创或转载内容不代表米勒之声的观点或立场。文中所涉及药物使用、疾病诊疗等内容仅供医学专业人士参考。

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编辑：Michel.米萱

校对：MiLu.米鹭

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