2023年癌症统计报告

SCI 31 January 2022

Cancer statistics, 2023

 (CA Cancer J Clin, IF: 286.13)

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Wagle NS, et al. Cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin 2023;73:17-48.

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes using incidence data collected by central cancer registries and mortality data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2023, 1,958,310 new cancer cases and 609,820 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Cancer incidence increased for prostate cancer by 3% annually from 2014 through 2019 after two decades of decline, translating to an additional 99,000 new cases; otherwise, however, incidence trends were more favorable in men compared to women. For example, lung cancer in women decreased at one half the pace of men (1.1% vs. 2.6% annually) from 2015 through 2019, and breast and uterine corpus cancers continued to increase, as did liver cancer and melanoma, both of which stabilized in men aged 50 years and older and declined in younger men. However, a 65% drop in cervical cancer incidence during 2012 through 2019 among women in their early 20s, the first cohort to receive the human papillomavirus vaccine, foreshadows steep reductions in the burden of human papillomavirus-associated cancers, the majority of which occur in women. Despite the pandemic, and in contrast with other leading causes of death, the cancer death rate continued to decline from 2019 to 2020 (by 1.5%), contributing to a 33% overall reduction since 1991 and an estimated 3.8 million deaths averted. This progress increasingly reflects advances in treatment, which are particularly evident in the rapid declines in mortality (approximately 2% annually during 2016 through 2020) for leukemia, melanoma, and kidney cancer, despite stable/increasing incidence, and accelerated declines for lung cancer. In summary, although cancer mortality rates continue to decline, future progress may be attenuated by rising incidence for breast, prostate, and uterine corpus cancers, which also happen to have the largest racial disparities in mortality.

每年，美国癌症协会都会估计美国新发癌症病例和死亡人数，并利用中央癌症登记处收集的发病率数据和国家卫生统计中心收集的死亡率数据，汇编基于人群的癌症发生和结局的最新数据。2023年，美国预计将出现1958,310例新癌症病例和609,820例癌症死亡病例。在经历了20年的下降之后，从2014年到2019年，前列腺癌的发病率每年增加3%，这意味着增加了9.9万例新病例；然而，除此之外，与女性相比，男性的发病趋势更有利。例如，从2015年到2019年，女性肺癌的下降速度是男性的一半(每年1.1%对比2.6%)，乳腺癌和子宫癌继续增加，肝癌和黑色素瘤也是如此，这两种癌症在50岁及以上男性中稳定，在年轻男性中下降。然而，2012年至2019年，第一批接受人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的20岁出头的女性宫颈癌发病率下降了65%，这预示着人乳头瘤病毒相关癌症的负担大幅减少，其中大多数发生在女性身上。尽管发生了大流行，与其他主要死亡原因相比，2019年至2020年，癌症死亡率继续下降(下降1.5%)，自1991年以来总体下降了33%，估计避免了380万人死亡。这一进展越来越多地反映了治疗方面的进步，特别是白血病、黑色素瘤和肾癌的死亡率迅速下降(2016年至2020年期间每年约2%)，尽管发病率稳定/增加，肺癌的死亡率加速下降。总之，尽管癌症死亡率继续下降，但乳腺癌、前列腺癌和子宫癌的发病率上升可能会削弱未来的进展，这些癌症的死亡率碰巧也是种族差异最大的。