护理：康复的核心因素

Abstract

Aim

2020 was been acknowledged by the World Health Organization as the International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife. On this occasion, the Global Rehabilitation Alliance and the International Council of Nurse would like to conceptually reflect the role of nurses in rehabilitation.

Background

Rehabilitation and nursing are strictly ingrained. Rehabilitation aims at improving, reaching and maintaining optimal functioning of persons with disability and persons with health conditions experiencing disability. Nursing is defined as use of clinical judgement in the provision of care to enable people to improve, maintain, or recover health, to cope with health problems, and to achieve the best possible quality of life. Nursing has a crucial role in all phases of rehabilitation care (acute, post-acute and long-term rehabilitation). Nurses deliver rehabilitation in many settings, in nursing homes and community-based rehabilitation. The main principle is not to deliver care for the patient but deliver care with the patient. This includes explaining, demonstrating and practising with the goal to help the patient to (re-)gain independence.

Discussion

Nurses play an important role in delivering rehabilitation and are involved in all aspects of the multidimensional rehabilitation process. One of the important points is that in most settings, nurses are the professionals with a prolonged relationship with patients and families, and may have the best insight into the patients’ personal and contextual factors with regard to the rehabilitation process.

Conclusion and implications for Nursing and/or Health Policy

Strengthening nursing in rehabilitation is a vital factor to deliver high-quality rehabilitation and to achieve optimum outcomes. For this reason, we urge all relevant stakeholders at governmental and rehabilitation service provider levels to work towards these goals.

摘要翻译（仅供参考）

目标

世界卫生组织将2020年定为 "国际护士和助产士年"。值此之际，全球康复联盟和国际护士理事会希望从概念上反映护士在康复中的作用。

背景介绍

康复和护理是紧密相连的。康复的目的是改善、达到和保持残疾人和有健康问题的人的最佳功能。护理的定义是在提供护理的过程中运用临床判断，使人们能够改善、维持或恢复健康，应对健康问题，并实现尽可能好的生活质量。护理工作在康复护理的各个阶段（急性、急性后和长期康复）都有重要作用。护士在许多环境中提供康复服务，包括养老院和社区康复。主要原则不是为病人提供护理，而是与病人一起提供护理。这包括解释、示范和练习，目的是帮助病人（重新）获得独立。

讨论

护士在提供康复服务方面发挥着重要作用，并参与到多维康复过程的各个方面。其中重要的一点是，在大多数情况下，护士是与病人和家属有长期关系的专业人员，他们可能对病人在康复过程中的个人和背景因素有最好的洞察力。

结论和对护理和/或卫生政策的影响

加强康复中的护理工作是提供高质量康复和实现最佳结果的重要因素。为此，我们敦促政府和康复服务提供者层面的所有相关利益方为实现这些目标而努力。

Full Text