世卫组织大会通过加强护理和助产的全球战略

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The final report, “Global Strategic Directions for Nursing and Midwifery (SDNM) 2021-2025,” is now available. This report and an accompanying resolution were adopted unanimously by the World Health Assembly (WHA) earlier this year. 

This means that the governments of all member states have pledged to support the recommendations which require committed investment in nursing. It is believed that this was the first time a global strategy to strengthen the nursing workforce had been adopted by the Assembly.

The strategic directions for nursing

The recommendations made in the “Global Strategic Directions for Nursing and Midwifery (SDNM) 2021-2025” report were derived from the evidence provided by the State of the World’s Nursing Report (2020) and the State of the World’s Midwifery Report (2021). 

The prioritized policy directions contained in the report were developed from input by over 600 nursing and midwifery leaders from across the world. The SDNM covers four areas – nursing education, jobs, leadership, and service delivery.  There is a strategic direction, and two to four policy priorities were for each of the above areas. 

• In education, the emphasis is on educating enough knowledgeable and competent nurses in every country to meet the demands of its national health systems. 

• Regarding jobs, the emphasis is on ensuring that enough nursing staff is available within health services by creating jobs and giving attention to effective recruitment and retention. The international mobility of nurses should be managed ethically. 

• To strengthen nursing leadership, the proportion of nurses in senior leadership positions should be increased.  Attention should also be given to developing the leadership skills of the next generation of nurses.

• For optimum service delivery, regulatory and workplace support systems should enable nurses and midwives to work to the full extent of their education and training. 

The WHA resolution on strengthening nursing and midwifery

The SDNM report and the WHA resolution spell out further details on what needs to be done to achieve the above priorities.

The preamble to the resolution emphasizes the current global shortage and maldistribution of the nursing and midwifery workforce. It also emphasizes the crucial contribution of nurses and midwives in delivering comprehensive health services and achieving the WHO Sustainable Development Goals. 

The resolution calls on WHO member states to strengthen nursing and midwifery in their countries by implementing the policy priorities of the SDNM, as relevant to their national health and socio-economic development strategies. 

Nurses to hold governments to account

Annette Kennedy, president of the ICN, emphasized a significant moment when the resolution was adopted by the WHA.  

“It reflected a recognition of the essential contribution of our professions to the current pandemic and to the state of global health and healthcare,” Kennedy wrote.  “It is now vital that nursing associations and all nurses hold their governments to account to ensure that WHO’s global nursing and midwifery strategy is implemented. This requires countries to invest in nurses and nursing and means they must work in partnership with nurses in all areas of health care policy so that the lessons of this terrible pandemic, and the sacrifices of nurses and healthcare workers, will not have been in vain.”

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最终报告“2021-2025年全球护理和助产战略方向（SDNM）”现已发布。今年早些时候，世界卫生大会（WHA）一致通过了这份报告和相关决议。

这意味着所有会员国政府都已承诺支持需要在护理方面进行承诺投资的建议。据认为，这是大会第一次通过加强护理人员队伍的全球战略。

护理战略方向

“2021-2025年全球护理和助产战略方向（SDNM）报告中提出的建议源自《世界护理状况报告》（2020年）和《世界助产状况报告》（2021年）提供的证据。

报告中包含的优先政策方向是根据来自世界各地的600多名护理和助产领导人的意见制定的。SDNM涵盖四个领域——护理教育、工作、领导力和服务提供。有一个战略方向，上述每个领域都有两到四个政策优先事项。

在教育方面，重点是在每个国家培养足够的知识渊博和称职的护士，以满足其国家卫生系统的需求。

关于工作，重点是通过创造就业机会和注意有效招聘和保留，确保卫生服务部门有足够的护理人员。护士的国际流动应以伦理的方式进行管理。

为加强护理领导，应增加高级领导职位的护士比例。还应注意培养下一代护士的领导技能。

为了提供最佳服务，监管和工作场所支持系统应使护士和助产士能够在其教育和培训的全部范围内工作。

世界卫生大会关于加强护理和助产的决议

SDNM报告和WHA决议详细说明了实现上述优先事项需要做些什么。

该决议的序言强调了目前全球护理和助产劳动力的短缺和分布不均。它还强调护士和助产士在提供综合保健服务和实现世卫组织可持续发展目标方面的重要贡献。

该决议呼吁世卫组织成员国通过实施与国家卫生和社会经济发展战略相关的SDNM政策优先事项，加强本国的护理和助产工作。

护士要政府负责

ICN主席安妮特·肯尼迪（Annette Kennedy）强调了世界卫生大会通过该决议的一个重要时刻。

肯尼迪写道：“这反映了对我们的职业对当前流行病和全球健康和医疗状况的重要贡献的认可。”。“现在至关重要的是，护士协会和所有护士都要让其政府承担责任，以确保世卫组织的全球护理和助产战略得到实施。这要求各国对护士和护理进行投资，这意味着它们必须在卫生保健政策的所有领域与护士合作，以便从中吸取教训。”流感大流行以及护士和医护人员的牺牲不会白费。”

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