【Q&A in MRI】5.1.3 The Meaning of "k" k 空间的 k 是什么意思?
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https://www.mriquestions.com/
原著:Allen D. Elster, MD
译注:蒋强盛
What does the letter "k" stand for? k 空间的 k 是什么意思?
The letter "k" has been used for over a century in the fields of optics, acoustics, mechanics, and electromagnetism to refer to the spatial frequency of waves in various media. The idea of a "k-trajectory" or "k-space" was not applied to NMR until the early 1980s and did not become popular until the 1990s.
在光学、声学、力学和电磁学领域的各种媒介中,字母 k 被用来代表波的空间频率已经超过了一个世纪。直到二十世纪八十年代早期,使用 k 轨迹或 k 空间的这一想法才被引入到核磁共振领域,并且直到九十年代才开始流行起来。
The concept is simple. A wave is characterized by its wavelength (λ), the distance between two corresponding points or successive peaks. The wavenumber (k) is simply the reciprocal of the wavelength, given by the expression
k = 1 / λ
The wavenumber (k) is therefore the number of waves or cycles per unit distance.
空间频率这一概念很简单。波的特征可以通过波长 (λ) 来刻画,波长就是波中两相邻对应点或两相邻波峰之间的距离。波数 (k) 就是波长的倒数,即:
k = 1 / λ
因此,波数就是单位长度内波的个数或周期数。
Since the wavelength is measured in units of distance, the units for wavenumber are (1/distance), such as 1/m, 1/cm or 1/mm.
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【译者注】
空间频率(spatial frequency),又称波数(wavenumber)。其定义是图像函数在单位长度上重复变化的次数,量纲为L~。如间距为0.01毫米的光栅,其空间频率为100[线]/毫米,图像的空间频率描述了图像值在空间中的变化特征。图像函数是一个空间的二维函数,图像值在空间上的差异或变化构成复杂的波形,根据信号处理理论,可以分解为具有不同振幅、空间频率和相位的简振函数的线性叠加。图像中不同的图像成分具有不同的空间频率:短距离的突变(如边缘和线条)、剧烈起伏变化(如噪声)、图像细节、粗糙地物或非均匀地物,空间频率较高;长距离大范围缓慢变化、图像背景、平坦地物或均匀地物,空间频率较低。
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声明:由于本人才疏学浅,译注难免会有不当或错误的地方,还请各位老师多多指正。

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