介绍
操作准备与实施清单
图1, 阴道助产准备与操作清单举例 | |
阴道助产:准备与操作清单 | |
准备与先决条件 | |
⬜ 助产的主要适应证是什么? ⚪ 第二产程延长 ⚪ 胎儿窘迫(可疑或潜在的) ⚪ 母体因素(合并症或精疲力尽) | |
⬜ 估计胎儿体重是否适合阴道分娩?记录体重____g | |
⬜ 宫口是否开全? | |
⬜ 母体骨盆空间是否适合阴道分娩? | |
⬜ 胎头是否衔接? 记录先露高低 ____ | |
⬜ 胎方位是否明确(如OA位) 记录胎方位____ | |
⬜ 胎膜是否已破裂? | |
⬜ 是否存在已知或可疑的胎儿禁忌证(如血小板减少、血友病、血管性血友病、成骨不全)? | |
⬜ 手术的风险和受益是否已充分知情告知并获得同意? | |
⬜ 确定手术的场地(分娩室或手术室)? | |
⬜ 是否已通知相关人员? ⚪ 助产士(主管助产士,必要时其他人员) ⚪ (美国)产科主治医师(如果操作拟由规培生完成) ⚪ 麻醉科医生 ⚪ 儿科团队(NICU、儿科医生或新生儿团队) | |
操作前的核对 | |
⬜ 是否所有相关团队成员已就位(产科、护士、麻醉科及儿科)? | |
⬜ 患者身份确认? | |
⬜ 若考虑胎头吸引术? ⚪ 孕周是否≥34周? ⚪ 压力数? ⚪ 停止操作原则(器械滑脱3次、每次牵引胎头下降无进展、操作15分钟后、操作失败不要再考虑产钳术助产)? | |
⬜ 若考虑产钳术助产? ⚪ 停止操作原则(每次牵引胎头下降无进展、操作15分钟后、操作失败不要再考虑胎头吸引术)? | |
⬜ 助产失败时即刻剖宫产相关准备是否就绪? | |
⬜ 麻醉是否充分? | |
⬜ 膀胱是否排空? | |
⬜ 会阴切开的适应证? | |
⬜ 产后出血的治疗措施是否就绪? | |
⬜ 是否考虑预防性抗生素的使用? | |
⬜ 记录置入器械的时间________ | |
2020年1月12日-2020年4月1日版本(必要时及时更新版本) |
SMFM. SMFM Special Statement: operative vaginal delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020.
病历文书记录清单
图2, 阴道助产文书记录清单举例 | |
阴道助产:文书记录内容 | |
准备与先决条件 | |
⬜ 文书记录的标准格式 | |
⬜ 助产适应证 | |
⬜ 对助产禁忌证的回顾和排除予以特殊陈述说明 | |
⬜ 相关病史、产程概况、胎心情况 | |
⬜ 操作前的母体评估:宫口扩张情况、骨盆是否充分 | |
⬜ 操作前的胎儿评估:估计体重、先露及胎方位 | |
⬜ 麻醉情况 | |
⬜ 记录器械置入及移除时间 | |
⬜ 放置器械时宫缩的次数 | |
⬜ 胎头吸引术助产 ⚪ 器械的名称 ⚪ 最大负压 ⚪ 牵引的次数 ⚪ 滑脱的次数 | |
⬜ 产钳术助产 ⚪ 器械的名称 ⚪ 牵引的次数 ⚪ 牵引的难度(易、中等、难) ⚪ 旋转的程度(若有) ⚪ 助产分类(详见框) | |
⬜ 新生儿:记录器械导致的印记或创伤 | |
⬜ 并发症及处理(如产道裂伤、出血、肩难产) | |
⬜ 如助产失败,以上所有内容也需记录于剖宫产手术记录中 | |
2020年1月12日-2020年4月1日版本(必要时及时更新版本) |
SMFM. SMFM Special Statement: operative vaginal delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020.
框, 产钳术助产分类 | |
出口产钳 | |
| |
低位产钳 | |
| |
中位产钳 | |
|
SMFM. SMFM Special Statement: operative vaginal delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020.
清单的实施
完
参考文献
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American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Operative Vaginal Birth. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 219. Obstet Gynecol 2020; 135:e149–59.
3
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Obstetrics and gynecology case logs: national data report. 2019. Available at: https://www.acgme.org/Portals/0/PDFs/220_National_Report_Program_ Version_2018-2019.pdf. Accessed April 4, 2020.
4
Dildy GA, Belfort MA, Clark SL. Obstetric forceps: a species on the brink of extinction. Obstet Gynecol 2016;128:436–9.
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Dildy GA, Clark SL. Shoulder dystocia: risk identification. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2000;43:265–82.
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Deering S. Forceps, simulation, and social media. Obstet Gynecol 2016;128:425–6.
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Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Operative vaginal delivery, Green-top Guideline No. 26. 2011. Available at: https://www. rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg_26.pdf. Accessed April 4, 2020.
8
Cargill YM, MacKinnon CJ, No. 148. Guidelines for operative vaginal birth. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2018;40:e74–80.
9
Bernstein PS, Combs CA, Shields LE, Clark SL, Eppes CS. The development and implementation of checklists in obstetrics. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017;217:B2–6.
10
Project Check. A checklist for checklists. 2010. Available at: http:// www.projectcheck.org/uploads/1/0/9/0/1090835/checklist_for_checklists_ final_10.3.pdf. Accessed April 4, 2020.
11
Gopalani S, Bennett K, Critchlow C. Factors predictive of failed oper- ative vaginal delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191:896–902.
12
Ben-Haroush A, Melamed N, Kaplan B, Yogev Y. Predictors of failed operative vaginal delivery: a single-center experience. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007;197:308.e1–5.
13
Palatnik A, Grobman WA, Hellendag MG, Janetos TM, Gossett DR, Miller ES. Predictors of failed operative vaginal delivery in a contemporary obstetric cohort. Obstet Gynecol 2016;127:501–6.
14
Towner D, Castro MA, Eby-Wilkens E, Gilbert WM. Effect of mode of delivery in nulliparous women on neonatal intracranial injury. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1709–14.
15
Murphy DJ, Macleod M, Bahl R, Strachan B. A cohort study of maternal and neonatal morbidity in relation to use of sequential instruments at operative vaginal delivery. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011;156: 41–5.
16
The Joint Commission. The universal protocol. Available at: https:// www.jointcommission.org/standards/universal-protocol/. Accessed April 4, 2020.
17
Jakobsson M, Gissler M, Tapper AM. Risk factors for blood transfusion at delivery in Finland. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2013;92:414–20.
18
Knight M, Chiocchia V, Partlett C, et al. Prophylactic antibiotics in the prevention of infection after operative vaginal delivery (ANODE): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2019;393:2395–403.
19
Heitmann JA, Benrubi GI. Efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of endomyometritis after forceps delivery. South Med J 1989;82:960–2.
20
Tsakiridis I, Mamopoulos A, Athanasiadis A, Dagklis T. Obstetric anal sphincter injuries at vaginal delivery: a review of recently published national guidelines. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2018;73:695–702.
21
Council on Patient Safety in Women’s Health Care. Implementing quality improvement projects toolkit. 2016. Available at: https://safehealthcare foreverywoman.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Implementing-Quality- Improvement-Projects-Toolkit_V1-May-2016.pdf. Accessed April 4, 2020.
22
Alidina S, Goldhaber-Fiebert SN, Hannenberg AA, et al. Factors associated with the use of cognitive aids in operating room crises: a cross- sectional study of US hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers. Implement Sci 2018;13:50.
中文引用|方大俊,蔡贞玉. 指南针┃SMFM(2020):阴道助产操作与文书记录清单. J NPLD-GHI. 2020 Sep 23;8(3):23.
英文引用|Fang DJ, Cai ZY. SMFM Special Statement: Operative vaginal delivery: checklists for performance
and documentation. J NPLD-GHI. 2020 Sep 23;8(3):23.
Journal of No Pain Labor & Delivery
- Global Health Initiative
(ISSN: 2475-711X)
无痛分娩中国行杂志
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